$_myvar - valid inside a local scope
$my_name    = 'mile' # string
$num_tokent = 115    # numeric
$not_true   = false  # boolean
$notdefined = undef # a variable that has not been initialized will evaluate as undefined or undef.

$decimal = 1234 # valide integer

$my_list = [1,3,5,7,11] # array of numeric values
$my_name = ['Mile','Mira','Mitar'] # array of string values

$user = {
  'username' => 'Mile',  # string value
  'uid'      => 1001,    # numeric value
  'create'   => true     # boolean value
}

file { '/etc/passwd':
  owner => 'root',
  group => 'root',
  mode  => '0644',
}

$message_text = @(END)
This is a very long message,
which will be composed over
many lines of text.
END

$message_text = @("END")
Dear ${user},
Your password is ${password}.
Please login at ${site_url} to continue.
END

resource_type { 'resource_title':
  ensure => present,
  attrib1 => 1234, # numeric type
  attrib2 => 'value', # string type
  attrib3 => ['value1','value2'], # array of string types
  noop => false # boolean type
}

$resource_attributes = {
  ensure    => present,
  owner     => 'root',
  group     => 'root',
  'mode'    => '0644',
  'replace' => true,
}

file { '/etc/config/first.cfg':
  source => 'first.cfg',
  *      => $resource_attributes,
}

file { '/etc/config/second.cfg':
  source => 'config.cfg',
  *      => $resource_attributes,
}

$what_did_you_drink =~ /tea/
$what_did_you_drink !~ /coffee/
$what_did_you_drink !~ "^coffee$"

facter --yaml --puppet | or facter -yp
puppet facts find --render-as yaml # preferred way for fetching facts

if $facts['os']['name'] == 'Ubuntu' {
  notice ("Operating system is: ${facts['os']['name']}")
}

if ($coffee != 'drunk') {
  notify { 'best-to-avoid': }
}
elsif ('scotch' == 'drunk') {
  notify { 'party-time': }
}
else {
  notify { 'party-time': }
}

unless $facts['kernel'] == Linux {
  notify { 'You are on an older machine.': }
}
else {
  notify { 'We got you covered.': }
}

case $what_she_drank {
  'wine':            { include state::california }
  $stumptown:        { include state::portland }
  /(scotch|whisky)/: { include state::scotland }
  is_tea( $drink ):  { include state::england }
  default:           {} # always use default even if the default is not doing anything
}

$native_of = $what_he_drinks ? {
  'wine'            => 'california',
  $stumptown        => 'portland',
  /(scotch|whisky)/ => 'scotland',
  is_tea( $drink )  => 'england',
  default           => 'unknown',
}

| $firstvalue, $secondvalue | {
  block of code that operates on these values.
}

each( $facts['partitions'] ) |$name, $device| {
  notice( "${facts['hostname']} has device $name with size ${device['size']}" )
}

['mile','mira','mitar'].each() |$item| {
  notice("${item} wants to sing")
}

{'singer'=>{"name"=>"mitar","lastname"=>"miric"}}.each() |$k,$v| {
  notice( "${k} ${v['name']} wants to be somebody but he is only ${v['lastname']}")
}

$data = ["orange", "blueberry", "raspberry"]
$filtered_data = $data.filter |$items| { $items =~ /berry$/ }
# $filtered_data = [blueberry, raspberry]

# For the array $data, return an array containing each value multiplied by 10
$data = [1,2,3]
$transformed_data = $data.map |$items| { $items * 10 }
# $transformed_data contains [10,20,30]

# Reduce the array $data, returning the sum of all values in the array.
$data = [1, 2, 3]
$sum = $data.reduce |$memo, $value| { $memo + $value }
# $sum contains 6

slice([1,2,3,4,5,6], 2) # produces [[1,2], [3,4], [5,6]]

with( "austin", "powers", "secret agent" ) |$first,$last,$title| {
  notice( "A person named ${first} ${last}, ${title} is here to see you." )
}
# A person named austin powers, secret agent is here to see you.

Package {
  schedule => 'after-working-hours',
}

package { 'puppet-agent':
  ensure => present,
}

service { 'puppet':
  ensure => running,
  enabled => true,
  require => Package['puppet-agent'], ## referring a package resource
}

.
├── CHANGELOG.md
├── Gemfile
├── Gemfile.lock
├── README.md
├── Rakefile
├── appveyor.yml
├── data/ # contain hiera data
│   └── common.yaml
├── examples/
├── files/ # static files
├── hiera.yaml
├── manifests/ # configure module and classes
├── metadata.json
├── spec/
│   ├── classes/
│   ├── default_facts.yml
│   └── spec_helper.rb
├── tasks/
└── templates/ # dynamic files

class nginx (
  $package_name = $nginx::params::package_name,
  $config_path = $nginx::params::config_path,
  $config_source = $nginx::params::config_source,
  $service_name = $nginx::params::service_name,
  String $package_ensure, # if hiera is used we only need to define our variables in top of the class, not in each file
  String $config_ensure,
  String $service_ensure,
  Boolean $service_enable,
  Boolean $service_hasrestart
) inherits nginx::params {
  contain nginx::install
  contain nginx::config
  contain nginx::service

  Class['nginx::install']
  -> Class['nginx::config']
  ~> Class['nginx::service']
}

▶ cat $HOME/.eyaml/config.yaml
---
kms_key_id: 'alias/PuppetMaster'
kms_aws_region: 'eu-west-1'
kms_aws_profile: 'gen2' ### CHANGE it to your AWS profile
Afterwards, one can use following command for encryption and decryption:

eyaml encrypt -n KMS -s 'ChangeMe123' -l "freeipa::master::admin_password"
freeipa::master::admin_password: ENC[KMS,AQICAHjUUj7N8eaqjP+IWjYBHlkTvStjqisX6XxUfKPs2BeLQwGQez1g18bQqwwampfJkq6nAAAAaTBnBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagWjBYAgEAMFMGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMwOq7CLwBIixRFn9EAgEQgCZ6gCVg78UMVcZsD9smDS4S2hY6ty5YwP92V4h8BlL/mFbgpJPakA==]

freeipa::master::admin_password: ENC[KMS,AQICAHjUUj7N8eaqjP+IWjYBHlkTvStjqisX6XxUfKPs2BeLQwGQez1g18bQqwwampfJkq6nAAAAaTBnBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagWjBYAgEAMFMGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMwOq7CLwBIixRFn9EAgEQgCZ6gCVg78UMVcZsD9smDS4S2hY6ty5YwP92V4h8BlL/mFbgpJPakA==]

eyaml decrypt -n KMS -s "ENC[KMS,AQICAHjUUj7N8eaqjP+IWjYBHlkTvStjqisX6XxUfKPs2BeLQwGQez1g18bQqwwampfJkq6nAAAAaTBnBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagWjBYAgEAMFMGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMwOq7CLwBIixRFn9EAgEQgCZ6gCVg78UMVcZsD9smDS4S2hY6ty5YwP92V4h8BlL/mFbgpJPakA==]"
ChangeMe123

puppet lookup [--environment=feature_GO_6474_test_kms_puppet]  datadog_agent::api_key [--node NODENAME]

class nginx::vhosts (
  $vhosts_dir = $nginx::params::vhosts_dir,
) inherits nginx::params {
  file { "${nginx::vhosts_name}.conf":
    #content => epp('nginx/vhosts.conf.epp'), # it will use puppet variable syntax as $nginx::vhosts_name
    content => template('nginx/vhosts.conf.erb'), # it will use ruby variable syntax as @var or scope['nginx::vhosts_name']
    ensure  => $nginx::vhosts_ensure, # hiera
    path    => "${vhosts_dir}/${nginx::vhosts_name}.conf",
  }
  file {"$nginx::vhosts_root":
    ensure => 'directory',
  }
}

puppetservice ca list --all

puppetservice ca sign --certname ${HOSTNAME}

puppetserver ca clean --certname ${HOSTNAME}

puppet resource <resource_type> <resource_title>

puppet describe <resource_type>

puppet resource --types

puppet apply -e {code}

puppet filebucket --local list

puppet filebucket --local get HASH

puppet filebucket --local diff HASH1 HASH2
or
puppet filebucket --local diff HASH FILE

puppet filebucket --local restore FILE HASH